Sleeve surgery, also known as vertical sleeve gastrectomy, is a surgical weight loss procedure that involves the removal of a large portion of the stomach. The remaining stomach is then formed into a narrow tube, or sleeve. This surgery is typically performed laparoscopically, with small incisions in the upper abdomen. The goal of sleeve surgery is to restrict the amount of food that can be eaten, leading to weight loss and improved health outcomes.
Before Sleeve Surgery
Before sleeve surgery, patients typically undergo a thorough evaluation to determine if they are good candidates for the procedure. This assessment includes a physical examination, blood tests, and imaging studies of the stomach. Patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher, or a BMI of 35 to 39.9 with a serious weight-related health problem, may be considered for sleeve surgery.
Patients should also have tried to lose weight through diet and exercise habits before considering surgery. While not a requirement, sleeve surgery is typically recommended only after patients have not been successful in losing weight through non-surgical methods.
After Sleeve Surgery
After sleeve surgery, patients typically experience a quick recovery. Most patients are able to go home from the hospital after one to two nights. During the first week, patients are advised to drink clear liquids only. Over the course of the next few weeks, patients gradually transition to liquid and pureed foods, followed by soft foods, and finally regular solid foods.
Patients will need to take multivitamins twice a day, a calcium supplement once a day, and a vitamin B-12 injection once a month for life. They will also need regular medical check-ups to monitor their health in the first several months after surgery.
Potential Risks and Complications
While sleeve surgery is generally safe and effective, it does carry certain potential risks and complications. These can include excessive bleeding, infection, adverse reactions to anesthesia, blood clots, lung or breathing problems, and leaks from the cut edge of the stomach. Longer term risks may include gastrointestinal obstruction, hernias, gastroesophageal reflux, low blood sugar, malnutrition, and vomiting.
Conclusion
Sleeve surgery is a powerful tool in the fight against obesity and its associated health problems. By restricting the size of the stomach and promoting weight loss, sleeve surgery can improve quality of life and reduce the risk of severe health conditions. However, as with any major surgical procedure, careful consideration and preparation are key. Patients should weigh the potential risks and benefits of sleeve surgery, discuss their options with their healthcare providers, and explore all available weight loss strategies before making a decision.
