runner's toe is a condition that occurs due to repetitive stress on the toenail caused by the mechanics of running. This repeated stress leads to bruising or bleeding underneath the toenail in the bed, known as subungual hematoma.
symptoms
runner's toe can cause dark red or black toenails, which may indicate newer or older damage. The toenail may become loose and fall off, usually within six months. Other symptoms include pain, blood blisters, pressure under the nail, and difficulty walking or wearing shoes. Runner's toe is usually painless unless it has resulted in an injury to the nail bed.
causes
runner's toe is commonly caused by running in worn-out or poorly fitting shoes that press on the toes. It can also occur in activities that require repeated stress on the toes, such as rock climbing and sports like soccer and tennis. The repeated force of the nail against the shoe can lead to subungual hematoma and subsequent darkening of the toenail.
treatment
initially, the best way to treat runner's toe is to allow the blackened toenail to grow out, which may take up to six months. If the nail becomes loose or falls off, it may need to be manually removed to properly assess and treat the nail bed. If there is pain or the toenail is loose, it is best to see a doctor to rule out broken toes or other problems.
prevention
to prevent runner's toe, choose proper fitting running shoes that fit properly at the front of the shoe for the big toe. Avoid tight socks or shoes that push the toes against the side of the shoe. Tie the laces properly so that the shoes fit well and allow for proper blood flow. Keep your feet dry and trim your nails regularly. Use moisture-wicking socks to keep your shoes dry and provide cushioning.
runner's toe is a common condition among frequent and long distance runners, and can be prevented by choosing the right shoes, properly caring for the feet, and avoiding activities that put excessive stress on the toes. If you notice symptoms, seek medical attention at the first sign of pain or infection, and consider visiting a foot specialist for professional treatment.