Raloxifene, sold under the brand name Evista, is a medication commonly used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is also sometimes used to reduce the risk of breast cancer in women after menopause.
Function
The exact mechanism by which raloxifene works is not fully understood, but it is known to act as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). This means that it can bind to and activate or inhibit the activity of雌激素 receptors in different parts of the body. In the case of骨密素, raloxifene increases bone density and can help to prevent fractures. Additionally, it may have a protective effect on the cardiovascular system by reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Indications
Raloxifene is typically prescribed to postmenopausal women to prevent osteoporosis. It is also often used to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in women within 5 years of menopause. It is not typically recommended for use in premenopausal women or in men.
Dosage
The dosage of raloxifene typically varies depending on the condition being treated and the specific instructions of the prescribing physician. Generally, the dosage is taken once daily by mouth. Some people may require larger or smaller doses based on their individual circumstances.
Contraindications
Women with a history of blood clots, stroke, or certain heart conditions may be contraindicated for raloxifene. Additionally, women who are pregnant or may become pregnant should avoid use due to the potential risk to the unborn baby.
Adverse Effects
As with any medication, raloxifene can cause side effects. Common adverse effects may include hot flashes, sweating, leg cramps, and changes in sexual function.Rare but serious side effects may include stroke, blood clots in the legs or lungs, and visual changes. If any of these adverse effects occur, patients should contact their healthcare provider immediately.
Preparations
Raloxifene is available in generic forms and is sometimes packaged and sold under the nameEvista. It is typically dispensed with a prescription from a healthcare professional and should be used according to the specific dosing instructions provided.
Cost
Raloxifene is a generic medication, meaning that it is less expensive than branded medications. However, the actual cost will vary depending on the specific brand and the quantity purchased. Additionally, some people may be eligible for insurance coverage for the cost of this medication.
Insurance
In the United States, raloxifene may be covered by government-funded health insurance programs such as Medicare or Medicaid, depending on the patient's specific circumstances. Additionally, some people may have prescription drug coverage through their employer or private insurance policies.
Raloxifene is a widely used medication for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It is generally well-tolerated and has a relatively favorable safety profile. However, as with any medication, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting treatment to determine the appropriate dosage and to discuss any potential risk factors or contraindications.
