American teenagers, particularly girls and those identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning (LGBQ), are experiencing alarming rates of anxiety and sadness. The situation has reached historic proportions, with a significant increase in persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness among teenage girls, as reported by the Youth Risk Behavior Survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Between 2011 and 2021, this figure rose from 36% to 57%, with the sharpest spike occurring during the COVID-19 pandemic. Contemplation of suicide has also increased by 50% for girls over the same period, although the increase for boys was smaller.
LGBQ teenagers fare even worse across multiple measures of mental health and well-being. Compared to heterosexual teens, they are more likely to experience poor mental health, unstable housing, school violence, bullying, sexual assault, substance misuse, and suicidal ideation. The rise in mental health issues among teens is particularly perplexing given concurrent declines in smoking, drug use, and drinking, as well as stable or decreasing rates of bullying and improvements in broader economic indicators.
The relationship between social media and mental health is complex, with studies producing mixed results. While some research suggests social media contributes to increased anxiety and depression, the effects appear to be small and not universally applicable. The analogy to cigarette smoking as a definitive harm might not hold true for social media, which could instead be seen as an "attention alcohol" – beneficial in moderation but potentially harmful in excess.
The connection between rising LGBQ self-identification and mental health challenges is another area of concern. On one hand, there has been significant progress in acceptance of LGBTQ individuals; however, mental health is deteriorating more rapidly within this community. Liberals attribute this to a resurgence of anti-LGBTQ sentiment, while conservatives argue that the focus on victimhood and identity is contributing to the problem. Both sides agree that understanding the reasons behind the trend could potentially save thousands of lives.
Despite the increased discussion around mental health, the internet's culture seems to be working against the principles of therapy. While the language of therapy has become more common, negative emotions often go viral online, fueling anger and outrage, which are counterproductive to mental well-being. Online environments encourage catastrophizing and conflict, contrary to the advice of therapists who emphasize managing thoughts and emotions.
In-depth analysis and research are crucial to addressing the mental health crisis among American teenagers, especially girls. Theories abound, but concrete answers remain elusive. As more young people grapple with mental health issues, the need for effective interventions, greater access to mental health services, and a better understanding of the contributing factors grows ever more pressing. Whether the pandemic is a temporary exacerbator or a long-term contributor, it is essential to address the mental health crisis head-on and support the next generation in navigating these challenging times.
