The statement "Bias is the set of preferences or prejudices a writer has about a subject" is the one that is true. Bias is a well-documented characteristic of human writing, where authors may lean towards or against certain ideas, people, or groups. This can be seen in the way historical texts, social studies sources, and news articles are often written. For example, histories that purport to be non-partisan and impartial may actually contain echoes of the authors' political leanings, creating a bias. Similarly, news articles that claim to provide 'both sides' of a story may in reality be weighted towards a particular viewpoint. To combat bias in social studies sources, careful reading and批判性 thinking are essential.