STM physical therapy, also known as soft tissue mobilization, is a hands-on treatment method designed to alleviate pain and improve range of motion by manipulating the body's myofascial system. This non-invasive therapy is commonly used in physical therapy sessions and can be performed with a therapist's bare hands or using equipment such as a stainless steel tool, known as instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), or the Gaston Technique.
Uses of STM
STM is used to treat a variety of upper and lower body wounds, including injuries to muscles, tendons, and ligaments. It is often used to address conditions such as frozen shoulder, carpal tunnel syndrome, shoulder impingement, medial epicondylitis, de Quervain's tenosynovitis, and Dupuytren's contracture. In the lower extremities, STM can be used to treat conditions such as calf pain, patellar tendinopathy,膝关节纤维化，跟腱痛，踝关节不稳定，髋关节或膝关节活动范围受限。
Benefits of STM
There is some evidence to suggest that STM can improve range of motion and reduce functional limitations in individuals with tendinopathy. However, the benefits are generally short-lived, with many studies showing that the improvements last less than three months.
It is also noted that while STM can be beneficial in reducing pain and increasing function, it does not necessarily lead to an increase in muscle strength. Additionally, certain conditions, such as lymphedema, osteoporosis, varicose veins, people taking blood thinner medication, kidney dysfunction, diabetes, neuropathy, or altered sensation, or who are at a higher risk of bone fractures, may require caution before undergoing STM.
Risks of STM
Like any medical treatment, STM carries certain risks, particularly in individuals with certain medical conditions. Those with lymphedema, osteoporosis, varicose veins, people taking blood thinner medication, kidney dysfunction, diabetes, neuropathy, or altered sensation, or who are at a higher risk of bone fractures should speak to their healthcare provider before undergoing STM.
What to Expect from STM
During a typical STM session, a healthcare professional will apply friction-reducing lubricant or cream to the treatment area. They will then use their hands or a metal tool to perform focused stroking movements along the targeted area of the body. The pressure, duration, and pattern of these strokes can vary depending on the type of mobilization being performed.
It is important to note that occasionally, after IASTM, red or purple spots (known as petechiae) may appear in the treatment area. This is because the pressure of the mobilization may rupture the superficial capillaries in the skin. While red or purple spots are a known potential side effect of STM, it should not be a goal of treatment and could also be a sign that excessive pressure is being used by your therapist., STM physical therapy is a versatile treatment option for a wide range of injuries and conditions. With careful consideration of the possible benefits and risks, and with a thorough consultation with a healthcare provider, STM may be a valuable addition to a comprehensive healthcare regimen.
