Sandal gap deformity, also known as hallux varus, refers to an expanded space between the great toe and the second toe on an individual's foot. This condition is typically noticed during antenatal ultrasound examinations during the second trimester of pregnancy. While most cases of sandal gap deformity are normal variants and may not cause any clinical issues, they can sometimes be associated with other fetal anomalies.
Pathology and Associations
Down syndrome, 1-3,4 is the most commonly recognized association with sandal gap deformity. Additionally, variants of the CLIPS syndrome, including CLOVES (congenitallipomatousasymmetricalovergrowthofthetrunk,lymphatic,capllar,venous,andcombined-typevascularmalformations,dermalnevi,skeletalandspinalanomalies), have also been linked to sandal gap deformity.
Differential Diagnosis
For an unusually wide gap between the first and second toe on an antenatal ultrasound, consider a deformity due to an amniotic band, spectrum of ectrodactyly, or other soft-tissue disorders.
References
- Sandal gap deformity. Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 12 Jun 2024)https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-13184
- When the big toes head…East?Whats the deal?https://www.gaitguys.com/halluxvarus/
- Sandal gap (Concept Id: C1840069)
