Lion's mane, also known as the lion's mane mushroom, is a species of large, shaggy mushroom scientifically classified as Hericium erinaceus. It is a well-known edible mushroom, primarily found on the surface of deciduous trees in Asia and Europe. Lion's mane has a long history of traditional use in various cultures for both culinary and medicinal purposes, including in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
Lion's Mane的特性
Lion's mane mushrooms are characterized by their large, white, shaggy cap and long, white, shaggy tendrils which resemble hair. The mushrooms grow in groups and can reach sizes of up to 30 centimeters (12 inches) across. The fruiting body of the mushroom is the part that is typically consumed, as it contains the most bioactive compounds with health benefits, while the mycelium body, from which the mushrooms grow, is often left in the ground.
Lion's Mane的生理特性
Lion's mane mushrooms contain a variety of bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, terpenoids, andpolyenes. One of the most well-known compounds in lion's mane is hericenone, which has been shown to have neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties in animals. Another compound, erinacine, has been studied for its potential to support liver health and reduce inflammation.
是否具有致幻作用
实验研究
在实验室研究中，以老鼠为对象，对Lion's mane提取物进行了一系列实验。研究结果表明，无论是短期还是长期给予Lion's mane，受试者的认知功能、情绪或行为都没有出现明显的改变或异常。
人体试验
尽管在人类志愿者中进行的临床试验相对较少，但这些有限的试验也未能发现Lion's mane具有致幻或其他精神活性效应的证据。一些研究表明，在正常剂量下摄入Lion's mane可能不会引起精神状态的明显变化。
争议与安全性
尽管没有确凿证据表明Lion's mane具有精神活性，但在某些情况下，服用Lion's mane补充剂可能会导致副作用，包括消化不适、失眠或其他轻微的身体反应。因此，建议在使用前咨询医疗专业人士的意见。
社会影响
在某些地区，由于宗教信仰或文化传统，Lion's mane蘑菇可能会被用于精神和心灵治疗，但这种使用方式通常不受现代医学认可。
综上所述，根据目前的科学证据和临床试验的结果，Lion's mane不具备致幻作用。然而，由于其成分复杂且个体差异较大，在特定情况下可能出现不良反应或潜在风险。因此，建议消费者在考虑使用Lion's mane之前，应充分了解相关信息，并在必要时咨询医疗专家。
